Yan Vaslavskiy
@mgimo.ru
Associate Professor, Department of Political Theory, School of Governance and Politics
MGIMO University
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Political Science and International Relations, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Economics and Econometrics
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Y. I. Vaslavskiy
MGIMO University
Efficient organization of public-private partnership (PPP) has become especially urgent amid the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and numerous sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation. The importance of this issue stems from the fact that the Russian economy has found itself at a crossing of at least two fundamental systemic transformations.On the one hand, all economic systems of the world, to a greater or lesser degree, have experienced limits to the development of a static economy. On the other hand, companies that have suffered the most from sanctions against Russia have leading-edge practices in organizing and participating in technological platforms and corporate ecosystems using B2C and B2B strategies. Therefore, a qualitative change in the economy to resolve the societal crisis is a universal challenge, and Russia is not the only country facing it.In this light, the transformation of the static economic system into a dynamic one moves up the agenda. Such change usually starts with building new structural ties by sustainable big companies that must conform to the dynamic reality. Dynamics for an economy mean new development perspectives and enormous expansion potential. This new status bases on the principles of human-centrism and an important new role for talented, intellectually autonomous individuals in corporate and other structures. This article outlines the author's interdisciplinary perspective on innovative and emerging evaluation knowledge and practice related to the environment, natural resources management, climate change, and development. In recent years, evaluation has emerged as an increasingly important function in determining the worth and value of development interventions in terms of their relevance, impact, performance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability.We aspire to prove that PPP for Russia, following the pandemic-caused economic crisis and under Western sanctions, may perform a fundamental mission far more important than participation in producing public goods for budget funds. It could help the country to ensure a leap in its economy from statics to dynamics.This leap and respective transformations in corporate and social structures based on the human-centric principles could bring a multiplicative effect to the economy, quality of life, public policy, governance, and other spheres.
Yan Vaslavskiy and Irina Vaslavskaya
Univ. of Malaya
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused profound upheavals in national communities, from humanitarian disasters to unprecedented economic downturns. All the consequences of COVID-19 have made it necessary to understand the reasons for state inefficiency and its traditional functions of ensuring economic balance and financial stability in the period before COVID-19. In fact, inefficiency is a fundamental problem of modern socioeconomic systems. Only a violation of societal integrity can explain why economic isolation and social distancing managed to instantly destroy economic structures, cause a loss in confidence in governments by citizens and increase the potential for protest against the extraordinary actions of nation-states in the fight against COVID-19. At the end of 2020, there was universal agreement about a fundamentally uncertain post-COVID-19 reality. Many progressive specialists have expressed the opinion that the degree of future socioeconomic progress directly depends on the abilities of policymakers to prioritise societal integrity in solving economic problems and achieving the goal of shared prosperity in the future
Ya I Vaslavskiy
IOP Publishing
Abstract The emergency conditions caused by the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 made the national governments the last resort, which was forced to bear all the financial costs associated with the lockdown in the national economy, with social support of the population and fiscal and monetary help to private firms which business was blocked. Lockdowns, publicly declared in countries around the world to stop the exponential growth of coronavirus-infected patients, have brought unprecedented losses in both human lives and national welfare. As a result, the coronavirus pandemic left two fundamental priorities for the state: (1) to stabilize the epidemiological situation in the country and (2) to reopen the economy in time after the lockdown. On this basis, the term "epinomics" was introduced, which assumes the primary public task to ensure the life and health of citizens, and only under this condition allows the possibility of economic recovery. In this case, the expansion of the practice of implementing public infrastructure projects on the basis of public-private partnership realizes the essence of the state’s epinomic strategy. Moreover, in the post-COVID-19 future, infrastructure projects can become an effective form of implementation of the UN “human-first” model, since they allow solving the immediate problems of ordinary citizens mostly affected in 2020. It is about the growth of employment, the provision of workforce wages, development of socially significant infrastructure, which contribution to the economic revival of countries can hardly be overestimated. At the same time, the government through public-private partnership gets the opportunity to directly broadcast to society the results of the effectiveness of its epinomic strategy in stabilizing the epidemiological situation and reopening the economy after the lockdown.
I Yu Vaslavskaya and Y I Vaslavskiy
IOP Publishing
Abstract COVID-19 triggered several crises, one of which arose in the social sphere. Societal crisis manifested itself in the growing distrust of ordinary citizens to the state, in the negative consequences for them of the forced restriction of social communication due to the lockdown, and in the understanding of the discrepancy between their own individual values and the generally accepted norms of behavior in society, specified by formal institutions. These social problems have only increased the quality of uncertainty of the post-coronavirus pandemic reality. A rise in uncertainty will lead to increased precautionary savings among households and delayed business investment. Against this background, social polarization in society, growing unemployment, poverty and impoverishment of citizens have further increased their negative attitude towards the state and society as a whole. As a result, overcoming the consequences of the societal crisis in national communities has become almost the highest priority along with the problem of epinomics. Its solution lies in the gradual restoration of partnerships between society, firms, citizens and the state. The most important place is occupied by public-private partnership in any public sector, including socially significant infrastructure projects. However, significant progress in this area is unambiguously due to serious adjustments that the state must make to formal institutions that ensure an equal partnership between the state and the business. At the same time, the specification by formal institutions of expert functions of the state and increasing the importance of private investment in the project will allow using the partnership between the state and private business as a platform for testing various forms of inclusiveness of public and private participation, aimed at restoring public confidence and societal integrity of society.
Yan I Vaslavsky and Irina Yu Vaslavskaya
IOP Publishing
Abstract COVID-19 generated a societal crisis, which manifests itself in the fact that ordinary people are forced to revise their individual values in connection with the coronavirus pandemic and state the fact of their discrepancies with the priorities of the state and with the prevailing values in society. At the same time, the destruction of societal integrity necessitates a restructuring of the relationship between the state, society, business and households, taking into account fundamental changes in the consciousness of society and in people's assessments of the quality of the state's performance of the functions imputed to it by society. Before COVID-19 the priority of functions and fiscal preferences of the state was determined in accordance with the three main groups, according to R. Musgrave. COVID-19 made serious adjustments to the priority of state obligations to society, reducing them to two: improving the epidemiological situation in the country and timely reopening economic activities. These sharp changes were expressed in the emergence of the term “epinomics”, combining the two main goals of the states’ strategies for fighting the coronavirus. Adequate forms of organizing public-private partnerships make it possible to optimize the combination of strategic goals of the state and tools for their budget funding. And this, in turn, lets it possible to advance further in resolving the global societal crisis in the post-COVID-19 pandemics future.
Yan I Vaslavsky
IOP Publishing
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic dealt a serious blow to national socio-economic systems, causing the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression. Neither national economies and their states, nor national health and social welfare systems, nor private business, nor the global economy have stood the test of the coronavirus pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has predetermined an increase in the area of uncertainty as a new quality of post-coronavirus economic reality, in the structure of which private business plays a decisive role. In this regard, the principles of partnership between the state and private business in the production of public goods need theoretical understanding due to the new reality. Adequate institutionalization of relations between partners in implementing socially significant projects can be an important success factor in the fight against economic lockdown. The state dictate regarding the terms of partnership with private business, prevailing before COVID-19, largely explains the insignificant contribution of public-private partnerships (PPPs) to accelerating GDP growth in the countries of the world. After COVID-19, the priority of the intentions of private investors in organizing socially significant projects with the state should become the norm that will allow using PPPs to unlock the economic lockdown.
Yan Vaslavsky
EDP Sciences
Adequacy of individual values reflection in the resulting public choice on the national level is extremely significant in itself. However, in the conditions of stagnating economy and declining citizens’ welfare this problem aggravates on the background of growing conflicting interests in the society and “accusations” against the state because of decline of population real income. In these conditions, the urgency of the problem of the adequacy of public choice in any country increases from both theoretical and practical view points. Moreover, its significance is great in the context of the experience of Russia as a typical economy with emerging market. The author sets the goals of considering the Russian experience of aggregating individual values and assessing the adequacy of the state’s public choice related to the implementation of national projects in the field of socially significant infrastructure. The goals are achieved through the application of general scientific research methods in the framework of comparative, logical, statistical analysis, as well as through the analysis of structure and dynamics, graphical interpretation of the information provided, etc. As a result, universal problems of public choice in the countries of the world were identified, the public-private partnership was highlighted as the real base and the effective mechanism of aggregation of individual values for the implementation of national projects. This made it possible to demonstrate the effectiveness of public choice in the field of socially significant infrastructure and to test effective forms of cooperation with national private business. In this light, Russia’s choice in favour of national projects as a special technology of aggregation of individual values represents interest both for theorists and practitioners.
Yan Vaslavskiy and Irina Vaslavskaya
Emerald Publishing Limited
The chapter is devoted to the factors aimed at optimizing the partnership of public and private sectors in the sphere of public infrastructure development. In modern conditions of economic slowdown and budget consolidation in Russia, the infrastructure has become the most important driver of economic growth and public–private partnership (PPP) – the most perspective form of cooperation of public and private investors of infrastructure projects. PPP interpretation as a structural relationship of economic system allows the authors to model optimal combination of formal and informal institutions in order to stimulate long-term economic growth. It becomes promising to model replacement of budget funds by private investment to ensure positive impact on the Russian development despite the budget consolidation. It could only be achieved in the case of formal institutionalization of appropriate conditions for private investors as to low transactional costs and attractive financial parameters. There have been determined some PPP standards connected with public infrastructure projects in order to reduce capital expenditures of the budget funds and increase the inflow of private investment. The authors have managed to obtain model estimates and graphic interpretation of government expenditures’ efficiency increase that could help to structure the fiscal conditions to induce positive multiplier effect as a result of PPP forms improvement in the public infrastructure development.
Boris Ananyev, Bruno S. Sergi, and Yan Vaslavskiy
Emerald Publishing Limited
This chapter considers anti-Russia sanctions and their role in the country’s sustainable development. The authors consider sanctions against Russia in the general context of restrictive measures as an instrument of international economic activity. The nature of the anti-Russia sanctions is analyzed in the chapter. A chronology of the introduction of restrictive measures against Russia is discussed. The authors consistently examine the negative consequences and positive aspects of the anti-Russia sanctions in the general political and economic context. Due to duplicitous implications of the sanctions, attention is paid to the import phaseout policy, which has been proclaimed and implemented by Russia. In addition, reciprocal restrictive measures (counter-sanctions), which are introduced by Russia in response to the actions against the country, have been considered in the chapter. Regarding the Russian economy as an inherent part of the world economy, the authors present their conclusions on how reciprocal restrictive measures cause damage to the interests of all parties involved in the process.
Yan Vaslavskiy and S. Gabuev
Academic and Educational Forum on International Relations